/home/wpollock1/public_html/Java/Fibonacci.java

// Calculate the n-th Fibonacci number, using a recursive
// method.  (This value can be calculated using a non-recursive
// algorithm more more efficiently, but I want to demonstrate
// recursion with a simple example.)
// Note Java long will overflow after 92nd Fibonacci number,
// but the inefficiency means it will take hours/days to compute
// (roughly) the 60th Fibonacci number!  For a faster recursive algorithm,
// see FibonacciMemo.java.  The fastest way is to avoid recursion; see
// the iterative algorithm below.  To avoid the overflow, use BigInteger
// objects instead of a long.
//
// Usage: Pass in the number as a command line argument.
//
// Written 11/2016 by Wayne Pollock, Tampa Florida USA

class Fibonacci
{
   private static long count = 0; // count of the calls to the method fib

   public static void main ( String [] args )
   {
      int num = 0;
      try {
         num = Integer.parseInt( args[0] );
         if ( num < 0 )
            throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Must be a positive Integer" );
      } catch ( Exception e ) {
         System.err.println( "Usage: java Fibonacci <num>\n"
            + "\twhere <num> is a positive Integer" );
         System.exit( 1 );
      }

      System.out.println( "fib(" + num + ") = "
         + fib( num ) );
      System.out.println( "\nNumber of calls to method fib: " + count );
   }

   private static long fib ( int num )
   {
      ++count;  // Count how many times this method is invoked

      // fib(0) and fib(1) are 0 and 1 by definition:
      if ( num == 0 ) return 0;
      if ( num == 1 ) return 1;

      // fib(n) is fib(n-1) + fib(n-2) by definition:
      return fib( num-1 ) + fib( num-2 );
   }
}

/* Iterative version:

   public static void main ( String [] args )
   {
     // Test values:  Note the overflow that occurs for large values.
     int[] values = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 50, 92, 93, -1};

     for ( int val : values )
        System.out.println( "fib(" + val + ") = " + fib(val) );
   }

   private static long fib ( int num )
   {
      if ( num < 0 )
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("num must be non-negative!");

      if ( num == 0 ) return 0;
      if ( num == 1 ) return 1;

      // Initialize first two values:
      long previous = 0, current = 1, next;
      // Calculate fib(num):
      for ( int i = 2; i <= num; ++i ) {
         next = previous + current;
         previous = current;
         current = next;
      }
      return current;
   }
*/